Selasa, 21 Juni 2011

YOU'VE FALLEN FOR ME (korean drama)


Title: 넌 내게 반했어 / Neon Naege Banhaesseo / You’ve Fallen for Me
Chinese Title: 為我著迷
Also Known as: Falling in Love / Heartstrings
Previously known as: 페스티벌 / Festival
Genre: Romance, music
Episodes: 15 + 1 Special
Broadcast network: MBC
Broadcast period: 2011-June-29 to 2011-Aug-18
Air time: Wednesday & Thursday 21:55
Synopsis
Lee Shin is a university student majoring in modern music. He is also the vocalist and guitarist of the band “The Stupid.” Shin is known for his good looks and strong passion for music, but in reality he is cold, lacks interest in anything unrelated to music and has neither dreams nor plans for the future. He initially likes Jung Yoon Soo, a dance professor at university, but this all changes when he meets Lee Kyu Won.
Lee Kyu Won is a bright and outgoing student who was born into a prestigious family and is majoring in traditional Korean instruments, especially the gayageum. Kyu Won’s grandfather, Lee Dong Gun, is one of the top 3 traditional musicians of his age and his biggest wish is to see his granddaughter become a traditional music prodigy. Trying to live up to her grandfather’s expectations, Kyu Won immerses herself in training and becomes a university student who knows nothing outside of her studies. As her friends are fans of “The Stupid”, she was forced to go to the band’s concert with them. There she saw Lee Shin performing live, and is immediately captivated by him.
Cast
Jung Yong Hwa as Lee Shin
Park Shin Hye as Lee Kyu Won
Song Chang Ui as Kim Suk Hyun
So Yi Hyun as Jung Yoon Soo
Woo Ri as Han Hee Joo
Kang Min Hyuk as Yeo Joon
Lee Hyun Jin as Hyun Ki Young
Im Se Mi as Cha Bo Woon
Extended Cast
Lee Jung Hun as Im Tae Joon
Jung Kyung Ho as Goo Jung Eun
Jang Seo Won as Yoon Soo Myung
Shin Goo as Lee Dong Jin
Sun Woo Jae Duk as Lee Sun Ki
Lee Il Hwa as Song Ji Young
Moon Ga Young as Lee Jung Hyun
Kim Sun Kyung as Professor Hong
Oh Won Bin as guitarist of The Stupid
Production Credits
Production Company: JS PICTURES
Chief Producer: Choi Hong Mi (최홍미)
Producer: Lee Jin Suk, Kim Yang
Director: Pyo Min Soo
Screenwriter: Lee Myung Sook
Title for Each Episode
Episode 1 : An Unexpected Meeting With You
Episode 2 : That is My World
Episode 3 : Champion
Episode 4 : Towards Tomorrow
Episode 5 : Confession
Episode 6 : With The Thought That It Must Be Forgotten
Episode 7 : Like This… Will Be Forgotten
Episode 8 : My Love, Cry Baby
Episode 9 : High Speed Romance
Episode 10 : Little By Little, Slowly Stepping Towards You
Episode 11 : That Place, That Time
Episode 12 : Don’t Cry
Episode 13 : Fly High
Episode 14 : Smile, You
Episode 15 : Let Your Dreams Soar
Episode Ratings
Date Episode Nationwide Seoul
2011-June-29 1 6.7 8.7 (17th)
2011-June-30 2 4.9 (<8.3)
2011-July-06 3 5.3 (<7.5)
2011-July-07 4 5.4 (<8.7)
2011-July-13 5 5.4 (<8.3)
2011-July-14 6 4.5 (<8.6)
2011-July-20 7 5.7 7.9 (18th)
2011-July-21 Special 5.1 (<7.8)
2011-July-27 8 5.9 (<8.8)
2011-July-28 9 5.4 (<9.4)
2011-Aug-03 10 7.1 8.7 (12th)
2011-Aug-04 11 6.7 7.7 (19th)
2011-Aug-10 12 5.4 (<7.5)
2011-Aug-11 13 6.2 7.9 (18th)
2011-Aug-17 14 5.3 (<9.2)
2011-Aug-18 15 5.6 (<8.2)

Source: TNS Media Korea(http://www.koreandrama.org/?p=9081)
Related Photo


YOU ARE MY DESTINY (korean drama)

you-are-my-destiny.jpg
Title: 너는 내 운명 / Neoneun Nae Unmyeong
Also known as: You Are My Destiny / You Are My Life
Chinese title : 你是我的命运
Genre: Romance, family
Episodes: 178
Broadcast network: KBS1
Broadcast period: 2008-May-05 to 2009-Jan-09
Air time: Mondays to Fridays 20:25

Synopsis
Jang Sae Byuk is a a girl who tries to find a new meaning in life after she receives an eye cornea transplant from the doctor that took care of her after her accident. That doctor, Kim Na Young, died in a car accident on her way back from Africa. Sae Byuk becomes close with the Na Young’s family after finding them. The family slowly accepts her as part of the family. Kang Ho Se and Kim Tae Poong, Na Young’s twin brother, have disliked each other since they were young kids. This is mostly Tae Poong hates Ho Se because Ho Se’s family was rich and because Tae Poong’s father was Ho Se’s father’s driver and his mother was the maid.
Cast
Im Yoon Ah as Jang Sae Byuk
Kim family
Lee Ji Hoon as Kim Tae Poong
Lee Pil Mo as Kim Tae Young
Jang Yong as Kim Dae Jin (Tae Poong’s father)
Jung Ae Ri as Oh Young Sook (Tae Poong’s mother)
Kim Hyo Seo as Kim Na Young (Tae Poong’s deceased sister)
Sa Mi Ja as Son Poong Geum (Dae Gu’s mother)
Gong Hyun Joo as Kim Soo Bin
Kang Suk Woo as Kim Dae Gu (Soo Bin’s father)
Lee Hye Sook as Hong Yeon Shil (Soo Bin’s mother)
Kang family
Park Jae Jung as Kang Ho Se
Lee Seol Ah as Kang Yu Ri (Ho Se’s sister)
Hyun Suk as Kang Chil Bok (Ho Se’s father)
Yang Geum Suk as Seo Min Jung (Ho Se’s mother)
Kim Hyung Il as Kang Charles (Chil Bok’s brother / Yeon Shil’s dance tutor)
Ban family
Kim Jung Nan as Ban So Young
Park Min Ji as Ban Yoon Hee
Sun Woo Yong Nyeo as Lee Hwa Ran (So Young’s mother)
Other people
Choi Won Young as Nam Gyeong Woo (Na Young’s co-worker)
Park Seul Gi as Bok Joo (Sae Byuk’s best friend)
Kwak Hyun Hwa as Oh Sun Jeong (female Lohas employee)
Lee Jung Ho as Lee Dang Soo (male Lohas employee)
Yoo Hye Ri as Jeong Mi Ok
Jung Jae Gon as Jo Sang Ki
Kim Sung Hoon as Jang Pan Jae (night sales manager)
Shin Pyo as assistant director
Production Credits
Director: Kim Myung Wook
Screenwriter: Moon Eun Ah
Awards
2009 45th Baeksang Arts Awards: Best New Actress Award (Im Yoon Ah)
2009 45th Baeksang Arts Awards: Popularity Award (Im Yoon Ah)
2008 Korean Drama Festival: Netizen Award (Im Yoon Ah)
2008 KBS Drama Awards: Netizen Award (Im Yoon Ah)
2008 KBS Drama Awards: Best New Actress Award (Im Yoon Ah)
2008 KBS Drama Awards: Excellence Award, Daily Drama – Actor (Lee Pil Mo)
2008 KBS Drama Awards: Excellence Award, Daily Drama – Actress (Kim Jung Nan)

PASTA (korean drama)

Title: 파스타 / Pasta
Chinese Title : 義大利麵
Genre: Romance
Episodes: 20
Broadcast Network: MBC
Broadcast period: 2010-Jan-04 to 2010-March-09
Air time: Mondays & Tuesdays 21:55

Synopsis
“Pasta” covers the dreams and success of a young woman who aspires to become an elite chef at La Sfera restaurant.
Seo Yoo Kyung started her career as a kitchen assistant at La Sfera restaurant. She eventually works her way up to become a chef.
Choi Hyun Wook is the top chef at La Sfera restaurant. He studied the culinary arts in Italy and started out as a chef assistant at a hotel in Sicily. Hyun Wook eventually worked his way up to become the most widely recognized Italian chef in Korea.
Cast
Gong Hyo Jin as Seo Yoo Kyung
Lee Sun Gyun as Choi Hyun Wook
Lee Ha Nui as Oh Sae Young
Alex as Kim San
Extended Cast
Jang Yong as Seo Jong Gyu (Yoo Kyung’s father)
Kim Dong Hee as Seo Yoo Shik (Yoo Kyung’s brother)
Song Ok Sook as (Yoo Kyung’s mother)
Byun Jung Soo as Kim Kang (Kim San’s sister)
Choi Jae Hwan as Jung Eun Soo
No Min Woo as Philip
Hyun Woo as Lee Ji Hoon
Baek Bong Ki as Min Seung Jae
Heo Tae Hee as Han Sang Sik
Yoon Yong Hyun as Kwang Tae
Kim Tae Ho as Sun Woo Duk
Lee Hyung Chul as Geum Suk Ho
Jo Sang Ki as Jung Ho Nam
Ha Jae Sook as Lee Hee Joo
Lee Sung Min as Seol Joon Suk
Son Sung Yoon as Park Chan Hee
Jung Da Hye as Park Mi Hee
Choi Min Sung as Ne Mo
Ryu Seung Bum (cameo, ep9)
Production Credits
Director: Kwan Seok Jang (권석장)
Screenwriter: Seo Sook Hyang (서숙향)
Awards
- 2010 MBC Drama Awards: Top Excellence Award, Actress (Gong Hyo Jin)
- 2010 MBC Drama Awards: Best Couple Award (Lee Sun Gyun and Gong Hyo Jin)
Episode Ratings
Date Episode Nationwide Seoul
2010-01-04 1 12.2 (13th) 13.4 (9th)
2010-01-05 2 11.9 (12th) 12.9 (10th)
2010-01-11 3 11.9 (14th) 13.2 (9th)
2010-01-12 4 12.7 (11th) 14.5 (9th)
2010-01-18 5 10.9 (16th) 12.2 (12th)
2010-01-19 6 13.5 (10th) 15.4 (8th)
2010-01-25 7 13.0 (11th) 15.0 (8th)
2010-01-26 8 14.9 (9th) 17.0 (7th)
2010-02-01 9 14.3 (11th) 16.4 (11th)
2010-02-02 10 15.7 (7th) 18.2 (5th)
2010-02-08 11 15.3 (6th) 17.3 (5th)
2010-02-09 12 16.2 (7th) 17.9 (5th)
2010-02-15 13 14.7 (6th) 15.8 (5th)
2010-02-16 14 16.3 (5th) 18.3 (5th)
2010-02-22 15 14.7 (7th) 16.0 (6th)
2010-02-23 16 16.3 (6th) 18.3 (3rd)
2010-03-01 17 19.7 (3rd) 21.6 (2nd)
2010-03-02 18 19.0 (3rd) 20.5 (2nd)
2010-03-08 19 19.9 (1st) 22.3 (1st)
2010-03-09 20 21.5 (1st) 24.2 (1st)

Source: TNS Media Korea
http://www.koreandrama.org/?p=975

Rabu, 15 Juni 2011

Ubuntu (operating system)


Ubuntu
Ubuntu logo
Ubuntu 11.04.png
Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal)
Company / developer Canonical Ltd. / Ubuntu Foundation
OS family Unix-like
Working state Current
Source model Free and open source software (with exceptions)
Initial release 20 October 2004
Latest stable release 11.04 (Natty Narwhal) / 28 April 2011; 48 days ago
Latest unstable release 11.10 (Oneiric Ocelot) Alpha 1 / 2 June 2011; 13 days ago
Available language(s) Multilingual (more than 55)
Update method APT (front-ends available)
Package manager dpkg (front-ends like Synaptic available)
Supported platforms i386, AMD64
Kernel type Linux (Monolithic)
Userland GNU
Default user interface 10.04, 10.10: GNOME 2.x
11.04: Unity shell on top of GNOME 2.x
License Mainly the GNU GPL and various other free software licenses / plus proprietary binary blobs.
Official website ubuntu.com
Ubuntu (pronounced /ʊˈbʊntuː/) is a computer operating system based on the Debian GNU/Linux distribution and distributed as free and open source software. It is named after the Southern African philosophy of Ubuntu ("humanity towards others").
Ubuntu is designed primarily for desktop use, although netbook and server editions exist as well. Web statistics suggest that Ubuntu's share of Linux desktop usage is about 50%, and indicate upward-trending usage as a web server. Ubuntu holds an estimated global usage of more than 12 million desktop users, and it is considered by DistroWatch to be the most popular distribution of Linux.
Ubuntu is sponsored by the UK-based company Canonical Ltd., owned by South African entrepreneur Mark Shuttleworth. Canonical generates revenue by selling technical support and services related to Ubuntu, while the operating system itself is entirely free of charge.

History and development process

Ubuntu is a fork of the Debian project's codebase. The original aim of the Ubuntu team was to create an easy-to-use (freedom for users rather than freedom for programmers) Linux desktop with new releases scheduled on a predictable six-month basis, resulting in a more frequently updated system.
Ubuntu's first release was on 20 October 2004. Since then, Canonical has released new versions of Ubuntu every six months with commitment to support each release for eighteen months by providing security fixes, patches to critical bugs and minor updates to programs. It was decided that every fourth release, issued on a two-year basis, would receive long-term support (LTS). LTS releases are supported for three years on the desktop and five years on the server.
The latest LTS release is Ubuntu 10.04 (Lucid Lynx), released on 29 April 2010, while the latest normal release is Ubuntu 11.04 (Natty Narwhal), released on 28 April 2011.
Ubuntu packages are based on packages from Debian's unstable branch: both distributions use Debian's deb package format and package management tools (APT and Synaptic). Debian and Ubuntu packages are not necessarily binary compatible with each other, however, and sometimes .deb packages may need to be rebuilt from source to be used in Ubuntu. Many Ubuntu developers are also maintainers of key packages within Debian. Ubuntu cooperates with Debian by pushing changes back to Debian, although there has been criticism that this does not happen often enough. In the past, Ian Murdock, the founder of Debian, has expressed concern about Ubuntu packages potentially diverging too far from Debian to remain compatible. Before release, packages are imported from Debian Unstable continuously and merged with Ubuntu-specific modifications. A month before release, imports are frozen, and packagers then work to ensure that the frozen features interoperate well together.
Ubuntu is currently funded by Canonical Ltd. On 8 July 2005, Mark Shuttleworth and Canonical Ltd. announced the creation of the Ubuntu Foundation and provided an initial funding of US$10 million. The purpose of the foundation is to ensure the support and development for all future versions of Ubuntu. Mark Shuttleworth describes the foundation as an "emergency fund" (in case Canonical's involvement ends).
On 12 March 2009, Ubuntu announced developer support for 3rd party cloud management platforms, such as for those used at Amazon EC2.

Features

Ubuntu is composed of many software packages, the vast majority of which are distributed under a free software license. The only exceptions are some proprietary hardware drivers. The main license used is the GNU General Public License (GNU GPL) which, along with the GNU Lesser General Public License (GNU LGPL), explicitly declares that users are free to run, copy, distribute, study, change, develop and improve the software. On the other hand, there is also proprietary software available that can run on Ubuntu. Ubuntu focuses on usability, security and stability. The Ubiquity installer allows Ubuntu to be installed to the hard disk from within the Live CD environment, without the need for restarting the computer prior to installation. Ubuntu also emphasizes accessibility and internationalization to reach as many people as possible. Beginning with 5.04, UTF-8 became the default character encoding, which allows for support of a variety of non-Roman scripts. As a security feature, the sudo tool is used to assign temporary privileges for performing administrative tasks, allowing the root account to remain locked, and preventing inexperienced users from inadvertently making catastrophic system changes or opening security holes. PolicyKit is also being widely implemented into the desktop to further harden the system through the principle of least privilege.
Ubuntu comes installed with a wide range of software that includes LibreOffice (OpenOffice in versions prior to 11.04) , Firefox, Empathy (Pidgin in versions before 9.10), Transmission, GIMP (in versions prior to 10.04), and several lightweight games (such as Sudoku and chess). Additional software that is not installed by default can be downloaded and installed using the Ubuntu Software Center or the package manager Synaptic, which come pre-installed. Ubuntu allows networking ports to be closed using its firewall, with customized port selection available. End-users can install Gufw (GUI for Uncomplicated Firewall) and keep it enabled. GNOME (the former default desktop) offers support for more than 46 languages. Ubuntu can also run many programs designed for Microsoft Windows (such as Microsoft Office), through Wine or using a Virtual Machine (such as VMware Workstation or VirtualBox). For the current 11.04 release, Canonical dropped the GNOME Shell as the default desktop environment in favor of Unity, a graphical interface it first developed for the netbook edition of Ubuntu.
Ubuntu, unlike Debian, compiles their packages using gcc features such as PIE and Buffer overflow protection to harden their software. These extra features greatly increase security at the performance expense of 1% in 32 bit and 0.01% in 64 bit.

System requirements

The desktop version of Ubuntu currently supports the x86 32 bit and 64 bit architectures. Unofficial support is available for the PowerPC, IA-64 (Itanium) and PlayStation 3 architectures (note however that Sony officially removed support for OtherOS on the PS3 with firmware 3.21, released on 1 April 2010), as well as ARM mobile processors (see HTC HD2). A supported GPU is required to enable desktop visual effects.
Current Minimum Requirements Server Desktop
Processor (x86) with the i686 instruction set 300 MHz 1 GHz
Memory 128 MB 384 MB
Hard Drive (free space) GB 5 GB
Monitor Resolution 640×480 1024×768

 Installation


Ubuntu Desktop 11.04 Live CD

Ubuntu Desktop 11.04 started from the Live CD with the Install window open
Installation of Ubuntu is generally performed with the Live CD or can be installed via a Live USB drive. The Ubuntu OS can be run directly from the CD (sometimes with a significant performance loss), allowing a user to "test-drive" the OS for hardware compatibility and driver support. The CD also contains the Ubiquity installer, which can then guide the user through the permanent installation process. CD images of all current and past versions are available for download at the Ubuntu web site. Installing from the CD requires a minimum of 256 MiB of RAM.
Users can download a disk image (.iso) of the CD, which can then either be written to a physical medium (CD or DVD), or optionally run directly from a hard drive (via UNetbootin or GRUB). Ubuntu is also available on ARM, PowerPC, SPARC, and IA-64 platforms, although none are officially supported.
Canonical offered Ubuntu and KubuntuLive installation CDs of the latest distribution of the operating system at no cost (though discontinued as of April 2011), including paid postage for destinations in most countries around the world (via a service called ShipIt). Various third-party programs such as remastersys and Reconstructor are available to create customised copies of the Ubuntu Live CDs.
A Microsoft Windows migration tool, called Migration Assistant (introduced in April 2007), can be used to import bookmarks, desktop background (wallpaper), and various settings from an existing MS Windows installation into a new Ubuntu installation.
Ubuntu and Kubuntu can be booted and run from a USB Flash drive (as long as the BIOS supports booting from USB), with the option of saving settings to the flashdrive. This allows a portable installation that can be run on any PC which is capable of booting from a USB drive. In newer versions of Ubuntu, the USB creator program is available to install Ubuntu on a USB drive (with or without a LiveCD disc).
Wubi, which is included as an option on the Live CD, allows Ubuntu to be installed and run from within a virtual Windows loop device (as a large image file that is managed like any other Windows program via the Windows Control Panel). This method requires no partitioning of a Windows user's hard drive. Wubi also makes use of the Migration Assistant to import users' settings. It also incurs a slight performance loss.

 Package classification and support

Ubuntu divides all software into four domains to reflect differences in licensing and the degree of support available.Some unsupported applications receive updates from community members, but not from Canonical Ltd.

Free software Non-free software
Supported Main Restricted
Unsupported Universe Multiverse
Free software includes only software that has met the Ubuntu licensing requirements,which roughly correspond to the Debian Free Software Guidelines. Exceptions, however, include firmware and fonts, in the Main category, because although they are not allowed to be modified, their distribution is otherwise unencumbered.[citation needed]
Non-free software is usually unsupported (Multiverse), but some exceptions (Restricted) are made for important non-free software. Supported non-free software includes device drivers that can be used to run Ubuntu on some current hardware, such as binary-only graphics card drivers. The level of support in the Restricted category is more limited than that of Main, because the developers may not have access to the source code. It is intended that Main and Restricted should contain all software needed for a general-use GNU/Linux system.[citation needed] Alternative programs for the same tasks and programs for specialized applications are placed in the Universe and Multiverse categories.
In addition to the above, in which the software does not receive new features after an initial release, Ubuntu Backports is an officially recognized repository for backporting newer software from later versions of Ubuntu.The repository is not comprehensive; it consists primarily of user-requested packages, which are approved if they meet quality guidelines. Backports receives no support at all from Canonical, and is entirely community-maintained.
The -updates repository provides stable release updates (SRU) of Ubuntu and are generally installed through update-manager. Each release is given its own -updates repository (e.g. intrepid-updates). The repository is supported by Canonical Ltd. for packages in main and restricted, and by the community for packages in universe and multiverse. All updates to the repository must meet certain requirements and go through the -proposed repository before being made available to the public. Updates will continue to be available until the end of life for the release.
In addition to the -updates repository, the unstable -proposed repository contains uploads which must be confirmed before being copied into -updates. All updates must go through this process to ensure that the patch does truly fix the bug and there is no risk of regression. Updates in -proposed are confirmed by either Canonical or members of the community.
Canonical's partner repository lets vendors of proprietary software deliver their products to Ubuntu users at no cost through the same familiar tools for installing and upgrading software. The software in the partner repository is officially supported with security and other important updates by its respective vendors. Canonical supports the packaging of the software for Ubuntu and provides guidance to vendors. The partner repository is disabled by default and can be enabled by the user. Some popular products distributed via the partner repository as of August 2010 are Adobe Flash Player, Adobe Reader, Skype and Sun Java.

Availability of third-party software

Ubuntu has a certification system for third party software.[55] Some third-party software that does not limit distribution is included in Ubuntu's multiverse component. The package ubuntu-restricted-extras additionally contains software that may be legally restricted, including support for MP3 and DVD playback, Microsoft TrueType core fonts, Sun's Java runtime environment, Adobe's Flash Player plugin, many common audio/video codecs, and unrar, an unarchiver for files compressed in the RAR file format.
Additionally, third party application suites are available for purchase through the Canonical web-based store, including software for DVD playback and media codecs.

Releases

Version Code name Release date Supported until
Desktop Server
4.10 Warty Warthog 2004-10-20 2006-04-30
5.04 Hoary Hedgehog 2005-04-08 2006-10-31
5.10 Breezy Badger 2005-10-13 2007-04-13
6.06 LTS Dapper Drake 2006-06-01 2009-07-14 2011-06-01
6.10 Edgy Eft 2006-10-26 2008-04-25
7.04 Feisty Fawn 2007-04-19 2008-10-19
7.10 Gutsy Gibbon 2007-10-18 2009-04-18
8.04 LTS Hardy Heron 2008-04-24 2011-05-12 2013-04
8.10 Intrepid Ibex 2008-10-30 2010-04-30
9.04 Jaunty Jackalope 2009-04-23 2010-10-23
9.10 Karmic Koala 2009-10-29 2011-04-30
10.04 LTS Lucid Lynx 2010-04-29 2013-04 2015-04
10.10 Maverick Meerkat 2010-10-10 2012-04
11.04 Natty Narwhal 2011-04-28 2012-10
11.10 Oneiric Ocelot 2011-10-13 2013-04
Colour Meaning
Red Release no longer supported
Green Release still supported
Blue Future Release
Each Ubuntu release has a version number that consists of the year and month number of the release. For example, the first release was Ubuntu 4.10 as it was released on 20 October 2004. Version numbers for future versions are provisional; if the release is delayed the version number changes accordingly.
Ubuntu releases are also given alliterative code names, using an adjective and an animal (e.g., "Dapper Drake" and "Intrepid Ibex"). With the exception of the first three releases, code names are in consecutive alphabetical order, allowing a quick determination of which release is newer. "We might skip a few letters, and we'll have to wrap eventually." says Mark Shuttleworth while describing the naming scheme.Commonly, Ubuntu releases are referred to using only the adjective portion of the code name.
Releases are timed to be approximately one month after GNOME releases (which in turn are about one month after releases of X.org). Consequently, every Ubuntu release comes with an updated version of both GNOME and X.
Upgrades between releases have to be done from one release to the next release (e.g. Ubuntu 10.04 to Ubuntu 10.10) or from one LTS release to the next LTS release (e.g. Ubuntu 8.04 LTS to Ubuntu 10.04 LTS).
The previous release is 10.10 (Maverick Meerkat), released on 10 October 2010 (10/10/10). This is a departure from the traditional schedule of releasing at the end of October to get "the perfect 10", and a playful reference to The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy, since, in binary, 101010 is equal to the number 42, the "Answer to the Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe and Everything" within the series.
Ubuntu 11.04 was released on 28 April 2011, and is code named "Natty Narwhal". The desktop interface of this release significantly differs from the previous release because beginning with this version, Ubuntu no longer uses GNOME's standard interface by default; 11.04 uses Unity as the default desktop environment. It is possible to switch into "classic" GUI but this feature was initially buggy. The new GUI has received strong criticism from some users as too different and less capable than GNOME, while other users have found they prefer the new approach and the minimalism compared to the older desktop paradigm.

 Variants


Kubuntu is an official variant of the Ubuntu distribution which uses the KDE Plasma Workspaces.
Official Ubuntu editions, which are created and maintained by Canonical and the Ubuntu community and receive full support from Canonical, its partners and the Community, are the following:
  • Ubuntu Alternate Edition uses the debian-installer. The alternate install CD allows the user to perform certain specialist installations of Ubuntu. It provides for the following situations: setting up automated deployments; upgrading from older installations without network access; LVM and/or RAID partitioning; installs on systems with less than about 256MB of RAM (although note that low-memory systems may not be able to run a full desktop environment reasonably).
  • Ubuntu Desktop Edition, designed for desktop and laptop PCs. The desktop CD allows the user to try Ubuntu without permanently changing the computer, and at the user's option to install it permanently later.
  • Ubuntu Netbook Edition, (formerly Ubuntu Netbook Remix) designed for netbooks and other ultra-portables.The Netbook edition allows the user to try Ubuntu Netbook Edition without changing the computer at all, and at the user's option to install it permanently later. This live image is optimized for netbooks with screens up to 10". This image requires 256MB of RAM for installation. Supported processors are i386, Marvell Dove, and Freescale i.MX51. Ubuntu Netbook Edition is set to be discontinued, as the Unity Interface will be used as default in both Desktop and Netbook Editions.
  • Ubuntu Server Edition, made for use in servers. The server install CD allows the user to install Ubuntu permanently on a computer for use as a server. It will not install a graphical user interface.
There are many Ubuntu variants (or derivates) based on the official Ubuntu editions. These Ubuntu variants install a set of packages that differ from the official Ubuntu distributions.
The variants recognized by Canonical as contributing significantly towards the Ubuntu project are the following:
  • Edubuntu, a GNOME-based subproject and add-on for Ubuntu, designed for school environments and home users.
  • Kubuntu, a desktop distribution using the KDE Plasma Workspaces desktop environment rather than GNOME.
  • Mythbuntu, designed for creating a home theater PC with MythTV and uses the Xfce desktop environment.
  • Ubuntu Studio, a distribution made for professional video and audio editing, comes with higher-end free editing software and is a DVD .iso image unlike the Live CD the other Ubuntu distributions use.
  • Xubuntu, a distribution based on the Xfce desktop environment instead of GNOME, designed to run more efficiently on low-specification computers.
Mythbuntu, Ubuntu Studio, Xubuntu and Gobuntu are not commercially supported by Canonical.
Other variants are created and maintained by individuals and organizations outside of Canonical and they are self governed projects that work more or less closely with the Ubuntu community.Some of the variants, such as Lubuntu, a lightweight variant using LXDE, have the explicit goal of earning official endorsement from Canonical.

 Ubuntu Server Edition

Ubuntu also offers its operating system in a server edition. The current version is called Ubuntu 10.04 Long Term Support (LTS) release, which means that it guarantees updates for the next five years. The updates will include new iron updates as they come along from X64 chip bakes and server makers, security patches and updates to the Ubuntu stacks. It has all the latest features available from the Linux and open source communities that create software for Linux kernel. “Ubuntu 10.04 Server Edition, also known by the nickname "Lucid Lynx," is based on the Linux 2.6.32 kernel. The kernel is hardened with a number of features, including memory protection, module loading blocking, and address space layout randomization, and it also has feature support for the latest Xeon 5600 and 7500 processors from Intel and the current Opteron 6100s and impending Opteron 4100s from Advanced Micro Devices.” The list of current validated hardware manufactures but is not limited to include:
Dell, Hewlett-Packard, IBM, Oracle, Lenovo, HCL, System76, Etc.

ServerScreenshot
Ubuntu 10.04 Server Edition will also run on VMware ESX Server, Oracle's VirtualBox and VM, and Citrix Systems XenServer hypervisors. There is a security feature called AppArmor which is turned on by default on key software packages, and the firewall is extended to common services used by the operating system. The home and Private directories are also encrypted. The 10.04 server version includes MySQL 5.1, Tomcat 6, OpenJDK 6, Samba 3.4, Nagios 3, PHP 5.3, Python 2.6. Many of its services only take 30 minutes to configure.
Ubuntu 10.04 LTS Server Edition supports two major architectures: Intel x86 and AMD64. The server edition provides features such file/print services, web hosting, email hosting, etc. There are a few differences between the Ubuntu Server Edition and the Ubuntu Desktop Edition although both use the same apt repositories. The main differences between the two editions are the lack of X window environment in the server edition, installing process and Kernel options. For example, the server edition installation process does not include graphical installation process; instead everything is done from the console menu based process.[80]
Ubuntu Server is also of course, free of charge. Users can choose to pay for consulting and technical support. Annual support contract with 9x5 business hour support is about $750 per server, and a contract covering 24x7 over a year costs $1,200.

Cloud computing


Eucalyptus full
Ubuntu Server Edition offers technology and resources to make a private or public cloud. Ubuntu Enterprise Cloud (UEC) provides virtualization capability, applications and flexibility to help deploy a cloud within an organization.It consists of the Eucalyptus, a cloud-computing architecture, which is interface-compatible with Amazon’s cloud system. It could also support any number of cloud providers. A UEC setup consists of a front-end computer—a "controller" -- and one or more "node" systems. The nodes use either KVM or Xen virtualization technology. Important to note, that you cannot just use any old OS image, or any old Linux image. It has to be specially prepared for use in UEC.
Hardware Requirements
Each of the node computers needs to be able to perform hardware-accelerated virtualization via the Intel VT spec. The node controller does not need to be VT-enabled, but it helps. In both cases, a 64-bit system is strongly recommended. Both nodes and node controller should be dedicated systems: they should not be used for any other functionality. Canonical's recommendations are 512MB - 2GB of memory and 40GB - 200GB storage for the controller, and 1 - 4GB of RAM and 40 - 100GB of storage for the nodes.

 Development


UDS Maverick Group Photo
The Ubuntu Developer Summit (UDS) is a gathering of software developers which occurs prior to the release of a new public version of Ubuntu.
At the beginning of a new development cycle, Ubuntu developers from around the world gather to help shape and scope the next release of Ubuntu. The summit is open to the public, but it is not a conference, exhibition or other audience-oriented event. Rather, it is an opportunity for Ubuntu developers, who usually collaborate online, to work together in person on specific tasks.

 Reception

Chris Kenyon, vice president for OEM at Canonical Ltd., indicates that because of a lack of registration, any numbers provided for Ubuntu distributions should be treated as estimates. Nevertheless, a number of estimates and the results of surveys have been provided. In an August 2007 survey of 38,500 visitors on DesktopLinux.com, Ubuntu was the most popular distribution with 30.3% of respondents claiming to use it. In January 2009, The New York Times reported that Ubuntu had over ten million users. In June 2009 ZDNet reported, "Worldwide, there are 13 million active Ubuntu users with use growing faster than any other distribution.", though Kenyon provided a more conservative estimate of 12 million users in April 2010.
Ubuntu was awarded the Reader Award for best Linux distribution at the 2005 LinuxWorld Conference and Expo in London, received favorable reviews in online and print publications, and has won InfoWorld's 2007 Bossie Award for Best Open Source Client OS. In early 2008 PC World named Ubuntu the "best all-around Linux distribution available today", though it criticized the lack of an integrated desktop effects manager.
The public sector has also made use of Ubuntu. The Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Macedonia deployed more than 180,000 Ubuntu GNU/Linux based classroom desktops, and has encouraged every student in the country to use Ubuntu-powered computer workstations. In the beginning of 2008, having successfully deployed 13,000 Fedora Linux systems in schools in the Philippines, ASI, an independent Linux consultant company, was contracted to provide 10,000 Ubuntu systems for schools. The French police, having already started using open source software in 2005 by replacing Microsoft Office with OpenOffice.org, decided to transition to Ubuntu from Windows XP after the release of Windows Vista in 2006. By March 2009, the Gendarmerie Nationale had already switched 5000 workstations to Ubuntu. Based on the success of that transition, it planned to switch 15,000 more over by the end of 2009 and to have switched all 90,000 workstations over by 2015. Lt. Colonel Guimard announced that the move was very easy and allowed for a 70% saving on the IT budget without having to reduce its capabilities.
In 2008, Jamie Hyneman, co-host of the American television series Mythbusters, advocated Linux (specifically giving the example of Ubuntu) as an alternative to proprietary software, citing software bloat as a major hurdle in proprietary operating systems.Other celebrity users of Ubuntu include science fiction writer and open content proponent Cory Doctorow.

 Local Communities (LoCos)

In an effort to reach out to users who are less technical, and to foster a sense of community around the distribution, Local Communities,better known as "LoCos", have been established throughout the world. Originally, each country had one LoCo Team. However, in some areas, most notably, the United States, each state or province may establish a team. A LoCo Council approves teams based upon their efforts to either aid in the development or the promotion of Ubuntu.

Vendor support

A number of vendors offer computers with Ubuntu pre-installed, including Hasee, Dell, Tesco, OP3, Gliese IT, System76, Sharp Corporation and the South African company Bravium Computers. Dell and System76 customers are able to choose between 30-day, three-month, and yearly Ubuntu support plans through Canonical. Dell computers (running Ubuntu 10.04) include extra support for ATI Video Graphics, Dell Wireless, Fingerprint Readers, HDMI, Bluetooth, DVD playback (using LinDVD), and MP3/WMA/WMV.Asus is also selling some Asus Eee PCs with Ubuntu pre-installed, namely the 1001PXD, 1011PX and 1015PX models, announcing that "many more" Eee PC models running Ubuntu will be available in 2011.

sumber:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubuntu_%28operating_system%29

Installasi Wine di Linux Ubuntu 11

Berikut ini adalah Step by Step Installasi WINE pada Ubuntu 11 yang berfungsi sebagai Emulator aplikasi Under Windows agar bisa jalan / running di Linux.
Pertama : Kita masuk ke menu Administration -> Software Sources .


Lalu kita masukkan Password Root / privilleges root.


Kedua : Masuk ke menu tab  Other Software lalu klik Add. Selanjutnya masukkan : ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa

Tunggu proses download hingga selesai.

Ketiga : Selanjutnya setelah muncul tampilan seperti di bawah ini kita klik Install.



Ketiga : Selanjutnya setelah muncul tampilan seperti di bawah ini kita klik Install.

Lalu masukkan Password Root.

Langkah di atas, dapat juga kita lakukan dari Console Terminal.
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
Lalu kita berikan perintah lagi :
sudo apt-get install wine

Lalu tunggu hingga proses download selesai…

Keempat : Setelah proses download selesai 100% maka selanjutnya akan melakukan proses installasi seperti dibawah ini.


Kelima : Setelah installasi selesai dan sukses, selanjutnya kita lihat di menu Applications akan tampak menu WINE.

Keenam : Selanjutnya kita dapat membuka aplikasi Under Windows secara otomatis dengan Wine atau dengan cara Klik kanan Aplikasi tersebut lalu kita pilih Open With Wine Windows Program Loader.

Contohnya Tools Winbox untuk me-manage Mikrotik seperti dibawah ini…

Mudah sekali bukan ???


sumber:
http://thinkxfree.wordpress.com/2011/05/20/installasi-wine-di-linux-ubuntu-11/























































































































































































































































































































































































































































 Tunggu proses hingga download selesai.



Ketiga : Selanjutnya setelah muncul tampilan seperti di bawah ini kita klik Install.
Lalu masukkan Password Root.

Langkah di atas, dapat juga kita lakukan dari Console Terminal.
sudo add-apt-repository ppa:ubuntu-wine/ppa
Lalu kita berikan perintah lagi :
sudo apt-get install wine

Lalu tunggu hingga proses download selesai…
Keempat : Setelah proses download selesai 100% maka selanjutnya akan melakukan proses installasi seperti dibawah ini.

Kelima : Setelah installasi selesai dan sukses, selanjutnya kita lihat di menu Applications akan tampak menu WINE.

Keenam : Selanjutnya kita dapat membuka aplikasi Under Windows secara otomatis dengan Wine atau dengan cara Klik kanan Aplikasi tersebut lalu kita pilih Open With Wine Windows Program Loader.
Contohnya Tools Winbox untuk me-manage Mikrotik seperti dibawah ini…
Mudah sekali bukan ???

Poll